Side Effect – Dysaesthesia

Dysaesthesia: What it is, Symptoms & Treatment 

Dysaesthesia is a term used to describe abnormal, often unpleasant skin sensations that can occur without an obvious physical cause. These sensations may feel unusual or uncomfortable and can vary from mild irritation to more noticeable discomfort. While not dangerous in most cases, it can feel worrying if you have not experienced them before.

Patients taking GLP-1 medications may rarely report these sensations as the body adjusts to treatment. It is important to recognise these symptoms early and monitor how they develop.

Common descriptions of dysaesthesia include: 

• Burning or warm sensations
• Tingling or “pins and needles”
• Electric shock-like feelings
• Skin sensitivity or discomfort
• Crawling or itching sensations without a visible rash

Why Can GLP-1 Medications Cause This?

GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as Mounjaro and Wegovy) work by influencing blood sugar levels, appetite regulation, and metabolic processes. As these medications affect multiple systems in the body, including the nervous system, some patients may experience temporary sensory changes.

These effects are not fully understood but may be linked to how the body adapts to treatment, particularly during dose changes or periods of rapid weight loss. In most cases, these symptoms are temporary and resolve over time.

Possible contributing factors include:

• Increased nerve sensitivity
• Rapid metabolic or weight changes
• Effects on neurotransmitters
• Individual response to medication

What Symptoms Should You Look Out For?

Dysaesthesia can present in different ways and may affect various parts of the body. Symptoms can come and go and may change in intensity over time. Some patients may notice symptoms more at night or when at rest. 

It is important to distinguish these sensations from other conditions, particularly if symptoms are new or worsening.

Symptoms of dysaesthesia can include:

• Burning or hot skin sensations
• Tingling or pins and needles
• Increased sensitivity to touch (e.g. discomfort from clothing)
• Itching without a rash
• Sharp, shooting, or nerve-like pain

If you develop symptoms of dysaesthesia while taking a GLP-1 medication, the appropriate course of action will depend on the severity and duration of your symptoms. Mild symptoms can often be monitored, while more persistent or uncomfortable symptoms may require clinical review.

Recommended actions:

• Mild symptoms:
• Monitor your symptoms
• Stay well hydrated
• Avoid skin irritants or tight clothing
• Continue medication unless symptoms worsen
• Moderate symptoms
• A dose adjustment may be recommended, such as reducing your dose
• Temporary pause of treatment may be considered

Management of symptoms

Management of dysaesthesia focuses on relieving symptoms and ensuring patient comfort. In many cases, simple measures are sufficient. However, if symptoms persist or become more bothersome, further treatment may be required under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Treatment options may include:

• Simple pain relief (paracetamol or ibuprofen, if appropriate)
• Topical soothing or cooling creams like calamine cream or aqueous menthol cream
• Antihistamines, if itching is present (cetirizine or loratadine)
• Prescription medications for nerve-related pain – this would be prescribed by your GP

Reassurance

Dysaesthesia is considered an uncommon side effect of GLP-1 medications. When it does occur, it is typically mild, manageable, and temporary. Many patients find that symptoms improve as their body adjusts to the medication or following dose adjustments.

When to Seek Urgent Medical Advice

While dysaesthesia is usually mild and temporary, there are certain situations where further medical assessment is required. Prompt action is important to rule out more serious conditions and to ensure your safety.

Call 999 or go to your nearest A&E immediately if you experience:

• Severe or worsening pain
• Numbness or muscle weakness
• Loss of sensation
• Symptoms interfering with daily activities or sleep
• Signs of an allergic reaction (e.g. swelling, rash, difficulty breathing)

Important Safety Advice

It is important to use GLP-1 medications safely and in line with clinical guidance. Side effects can often be managed effectively when identified early and addressed appropriately.

Maintaining open communication with your provider is key to ensuring safe and effective treatment.

Remember:

• Do not ignore persistent or worsening symptoms
• Do not increase your dose without clinical advice
• If you have had a break in treatment, restarting at a lower dose may reduce side effects
• Ensure your GP is informed of any new or unusual symptoms

Additional support

If you are experiencing side effects or have any questions about your treatment, our clinical team is here to help.

If your symptoms are severe, worsening, or you feel they require urgent medical attention, please seek immediate advice from your GP, NHS 111, or attend your nearest A&E department if appropriate.

For all other queries:

• Book a free video consultation with one of our trained clinicians through our website. Appointments are available throughout the week, including daytime and evening sessions.
• Send us your question online using our form: https://forms.medicinemarketplace.com/251345635207050 A member of our clinical team will respond by email.
• Speak to us by phone by calling 0330 175 5747, and selecting option 3.

We are here to answer your questions and provide support throughout your treatment journey.

Written by: Uzma Dala MPharm (2238839)

Approved by: Shameela Adam MPharm (2070113)